Industry heavyweight Panda Express searches for its next orange chicken
ROSEMEAD, Calif. – Inside one of Panda Express’ test kitchens, the chef that gave the world orange chicken was preparing something decidedly different: a classic regional Chinese dish called “lion’s head meatballs.”
The recipe plays the rich and delicate texture of ground pork belly against a clear broth and blanched Napa cabbage, curled against the meatballs to look like a lion’s mane.
Company executives stabbed at the orbs prepared by Executive Chef Andy Kao with plastic utensils, nodding in approval with each satisfying bite. The dish was ethereal, comforting and reminiscent of the version the chain’s founder, Andrew Cherng, ate as a boy growing up in China.
Customers of Panda Express, based in this city outside Los Angeles, will never get to try it. That’s because Kao and his team were there to reinvent the dish, frying and glazing the meatballs to make it look and taste more like something that belongs in one of the company’s 1,800 restaurants.
This is how new menu items are often developed at the world’s biggest Chinese dining chain: start with a time-honored recipe from the old world and turn it on its head until it achieves palatability at U.S. malls, airports and highway exits where Panda Express is entrenched.
The hope is to score another hit like orange chicken, which the company sold 67 million pounds of last year, accounting for one-third of Panda’s sales volume.
“Chains are always going to have their ‘greatest hits,’ so to speak, but menu innovation is integral to the success of chains such as Panda Express,” said Andrew Alvarez, an analyst for IbisWorld, a market research firm. “Consumer preferences tend to shift (and) the consistent and perpetual evolution of Panda’s menu has kept it ahead of the curve in this regard.”
Panda Express chefs are now experimenting with bolder ingredients such as fermented black beans, XO sauce and fish sauce in the belief that customers are ready to expand their culinary boundaries.
“Our guests are evolving in their tastes and what they want,” said Andrea Cherng, 37, the company’s chief marketing officer and daughter of Co-Chief Executives Andrew and Peggy Cherng. “Especially now in terms of the food industry’s transformation. We have to elevate our game.”
When a Panda Express dish is a hit like its mushroom chicken, it will start appearing on the menus of mom-and-pop Chinese eateries. Even orange chicken has been flattered by imitation in the form of Trader Joe’s frozen Mandarin Orange Chicken.
The company typically introduces two new dishes a year to a menu designed to feature both healthful and caloric choices. There’s little margin for error. A new menu item can take between 18 months and five years to develop. Recipes will be tweaked dozens of times, and thousands of people will be interviewed in focus groups and taste panels.
Finding the winning recipe for the meatball falls mostly on Jimmy Wang, Panda’s director of culinary innovation. Kao, the orange chicken inventor, is set to retire soon.
The Taiwan-born Wang has introduced unusual burrito-like wraps to cradle things like chow mein and honey walnut shrimp at the company’s Innovation Kitchen, where the public can order some of the test menu items.
“There’s a way to make this dish. I just haven’t found it yet,” Wang, 36, said of the meatballs.
Among the ideas being batted around: making the dish a soup item or a noodle bowl.
“I don’t quit. I’m not that guy,” Wang said. “This might be my orange chicken.”